Abbreviation and Acronyms এর মধ্যে পার্থক্য:
Acronyms ও এক ধরনের abbreviation কিন্তু এদের মধ্যে একটা পার্থক্য রয়েছে।
Abbreviation এ প্রতিটি অক্ষরকে আলাদাভাবে উচ্চারণ করা হয় এবং এটাকে শব্দ হিসেবে পড়া হয় না ।
কিন্তু Acronyms কে একটি শব্দ হিসেবে উচ্চারণ করা হয় এবং Abbreviation এর মত প্রতিটি অক্ষরকে আলাদাভাবে উচ্চারণ করা হয় না।
Example:- ISO (International organization of Standardization) where the ‘I.S.O’ is pronounced individually.
- NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) where the ‘NATO’ is pronounced as a word.
The list of most common and useful abbreviations are given here-
Technology/ Computer:
- PDA – Personal Digital Assistance.
- ALU – Arithmetic Login Unit.
- RAM – Random Access Memory
- ROM –Read Only Memory.
- DVD – Digital Video Disk.
- CD –Compact Disk.
- CD-RW – Compact Disk Rewritable.
- ORM – Optical Mark Reader.
- USB – Universal Serial Bus.
- CAD – Computer Aided Design/Drafting.
- IPS – Instant Power System.
- UPS - Uninterruptible Power Supply
- AC- Alternating Current / Air Condition.
- DC – Direct Current.
- HP - Hewlett-Packard (A Company Name)/ Horse Power
- LASER – Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
- RADER – Radio Detection And Ranging.
- ATM - Automated Teller Machine
- VoIP - Voice over Internet Protocol
Internet/ Web/Mobile:
- WWW- World Wide Web
- HTTP- Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
- IP – Internet Protocol.
- GPRS- General Packet Radio Service.
- WAP - Wireless Application Protocol.
- SIM- Subscriber Identity Module.
- CDMA -Code Division Multiple Access.
- GSM-The Global System for Mobile Communications.
- EDGE -Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution.
- ISD – International Subscriber Dialing.
- FM- Frequency Modulation.
- ID – Identification.
- PIN - Personal Identification Number.
- CMS – Content Management System.
Organization/ Institute/ Business/Company/ Security:
- DIG – Deputy Inspector General of Police.
- GM- General Manager.
- CEO - Chief Executive Officer.
- HRD – Human Resources Department.
- IBM – International Business Machine.
- ISO - International Organization for Standardization.
- ISD – International Subscriber Dialing.
- BBC – British Broadcasting Corporation.
- CNN -Cable News Network.
- ESPN – Entertainment and Sports Programming Network
- NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- SWAT - Special Weapons And Tactics
- SWOR - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats ( Analysis method).
- SME - Small and Medium Enterprise.
- WHO - World Health Organization.
- NGO - Non-Governmental Organization.
- BDS -Business Development Services.
- BBC - British Broadcasting Corporation.
- EU - European Union.
- IRS - Internal Revenue Service
- NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
- NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
- UNICEF - United Nations Children's Fund.
- FBI – Federal Bureau of Investigation.
- CIA – Central Intelligence Agency.
- POP – Post Office Protocol.
Time/ Zone/ Area:
- GMT - Greenwich Mean Time.
- GPS -Global Positioning System.
- AM- Ante Meridiem (Before noon, morning).
- PM – Post Meridiem (afternoon, evening).
- B.C. - Before Christ.
- EST - Eastern Standard Time.
- U.S.A. - United States of America.
Education/ Degree:
- Ph.D.- Doctor of Philosophy
- MBBS – Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery)
- FCPS-Fellow of College of Physicians and Surgeons
- B.A- Bachelor of Arts
- BBA- Bachelor of Business Administration
- MBA- Master of Business Administration
- CSE- Computer Science & Engineering
- MCS- Master of Computer Science
- M.Sc.- Master of Science
- LL.B. -Bachelor of Laws
- BDS- Doctor of Dental Surgery or Doctor of Dental Science
- ACCA-Association of Chartered Certified Accountants.
- IELTS- International English Language Testing System
- ISBN - International Standard Book Number
Study/Reading/Writing:
- E.g- Exempli gratia ( Latin which means ‘for example’).
- N.B.- Note Bene (Note Well)
- etc.- et cetera (And so on)
- Govt. - Government.
- i.e. (or i.e. / I.E.)- "id est" (Latin which means “That is (to say)" or "in other words").
- IQ- Intelligence Quotient
- Q&A - Question and Answer
- DOB – Date Of Birth
- FAQ- Frequently asked Questions
Medical/ Health:
- CBC –Complete Blood Count.
- ICU – Intensive Care Unit.
- CCU – Cardiac Care Unit.
- HIV -Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
- AIDS - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
Weight/ Volume:
- gal. - gallon
- lb - pound
- oz - ounce
- pt - pint
- qt - quart
- wt. - weight
- vol. – volume
- kg - kilogram
- km- kilometer
- m - meter
- mg - milligram
- mm – millimeter
- in. - inch
- ft - foot
- mi - mile
- yd - yard
SMS/ Texting/ Chat:
- B4N - Bye for now
- ASAP - As soon as possible.
- NP - No problem
- TIC - Tongue in cheek
- OMG- Oh My God.
- KISS – Keep It Simple Stupid
- LOL – Laughing Out Loud
- BF – Boyfriend
- GF – Girlfriend
Miscellaneous
- VIP - Very Important Person
- IPL-Indian Premier League
